Sump Pump Maintenance Checklist: 5 Steps to Prevent Basement Flooding
For homeowners in Chicago, a reliable sump pump isn't a luxury—it's a necessity. With our heavy spring rains, high water tables, and sometimes unexpected storms, a functioning sump pump is the single most important defense against basement flooding and the resulting water damage, mold, and costly repairs.
However, your sump pump is often out of sight, and therefore, out of mind. Don't wait until the next big storm to realize your system has failed. Follow this simple 5-step maintenance checklist to ensure your sump pump is ready to protect your home year-round.
1. Test the Pump Function
The most critical step is regularly ensuring the pump is actively turning on and cycling water. Do this at least once every three months, and always before the rainy season begins.
How to Test:
Locate the Float: The float is the mechanism (usually a ball or switch) that rises with the water level and triggers the pump to turn on.
Pour Water: Slowly pour a bucket of water into the sump pit.
Watch the Cycle: The water should rise, lift the float, and automatically activate the pump. The pump should quickly drain the water out of the pit and then shut off.
If it Fails: If the pump doesn't turn on, is sluggish, or runs without pumping water, call a professional immediately.
2. Clean the Sump Pit
Over time, your sump pit can accumulate dirt, silt, small pebbles, and debris that are washed down into the basin. This debris can clog the intake screen, reducing the pump’s efficiency, or even block the impeller (the spinning mechanism that pushes water out), leading to motor burnout.
How to Clean:
Unplug the Unit: Always unplug the pump before touching it.
Remove Debris: Carefully pull the pump out of the pit.
Clear the Intake: Wipe down the intake screen at the base of the pump to ensure no sludge is blocking water entry.
Remove Pit Sediment: Scoop out any sludge, gravel, or debris that has settled at the bottom of the pit.
3. Check the Discharge Pipe and Vent
The discharge pipe is what moves water safely away from your home. If this pipe is blocked, the pump will run indefinitely but have nowhere to send the water, leading to potential motor damage and basement flooding.
Exterior Check: Walk the length of the pipe outside your home. Ensure the discharge point (the spot where the water is ejected) is clear of leaves, snow, ice, or dirt. The discharge should be directed at least 10–20 feet away from your foundation.
Interior Check: Ensure the pipe inside the basement is secure and that the check valve (a device that prevents water from flowing backward into the pit) is working correctly. You should hear a slight "clunk" sound when the pump shuts off as the water is stopped by the valve.
4. Examine the Power and Alarms
A pump is useless without power. You need to verify that it is properly connected and protected.
Use a GFCI Outlet: Ensure your pump is plugged into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) outlet. This protects against electrical shorts in the damp environment. Never use extension cords, as they can cause power fluctuations and damage the motor.
Inspect the Cord: Check the power cord for fraying or damage.
Test the Alarm: If you have a battery-powered backup pump or a high-water alarm, test it according to the manufacturer's instructions. A backup battery should be replaced every 2–3 years, regardless of how often it's used.
5. Consider a Backup System
If you live in a flood-prone area, or if you lose power often during storms, your primary pump is not enough. The most common cause of pump failure during a storm is a power outage.
Install a Battery Backup: A battery-powered backup pump automatically takes over if the primary pump fails or loses electricity.
Install a Water-Powered Backup: These systems use your home's municipal water pressure to pump water out, requiring no electricity at all.
Don't let a heavy rainstorm turn your basement into a swimming pool. Regular maintenance is the most effective form of flood insurance.
If you are unsure about the condition of your sump pump or need help installing a reliable backup system, Contact Angel Sewer & Plumbing today for a thorough inspection!
